Hawkins Preserve Plant List

This plant list is a compilation of several field studies conducted in the Hawkins area.  Identification of many of the reported species has not been verified nor does a specific collection exist.  Page (pg.) numbers refer to Weber’s Colorado Flora.  Noxious species are those non-native (alien) species that crowd out the natives or are otherwise undesirable.  A poisonous designation appears for species that cause adverse reactions in either humans or animals.

Scientific names (in italics) according to:

Weber, William A. and Ronald C. Wittmann
  1996  Colorado Flora: Western Slope.  Revised edition.  University Press of Colorado, Niwot.

Historic or alternative names are given in parentheses.

Angiospermae — monocots and dicots
Aceraceae — Maple Family		pg. 34
Negundo aceroides (Acer negundo)	Box Elder	native tree
Agavaceae — Agave Family (Liliaceae)		pg. 35
Yucca baccata	Datil, Banana Yucca	native perennial
Alliaceae — Onion Family (Liliaceae)		pg. 35
Allium acuminatum	Wild Onion	native perennial
Amaranthaceae — Amaranth Family		pg. 43
Amaranthus retroflexus	Amaranth	alien annual, noxious
Anacardiaceae — Sumac Family		pg. 43
Rhus aromatica (R. trilobata)	Skunkbush, Squawbush	native shrub
Toxicodendron rybergii (T. radicans)	Poison-ivy, Poison-oak	native shrub, poisonous
Apiaceae/Umbelliferae — Parsley Family		pg. 45
Cymopterus purpurascens	Biscuitroot	native perennial
Asclepiadaceae — Milkweed Family		pg. 53
Asclepias speciosa	Showy Milkweed	native perennial
Asclepias subverticillata	Whorled Milkweed	native perennial
Asparagaceae — Asparagus Family (Liliaceae)		pg. 54
Asparagus officinalis	Asparagus	alien perennial
Asteraceae/Compositae — Sunflower Family		pg. 55
Achillea lanulosa	Yarrow	native perennial
Acroptilon repens (Centaurea repens)	Russian Knapweed	alien perennial, noxious
Antennaria rosulata	Pussytoes	native perennial
Arctium minus	Burdock	alien annual, noxious
Artemisia frigida	Silver Sage	native perennial
Artemisia ludoviciana	Wormwood	native perennial
Breea arvense (Cirsium arvense)	Canadian Thistle	alien perennial, noxious
Chrysothamnus greenei	Low Rabbitbrush	native shrub
Chrysothamnus nauseosus	Rubber Rabbitbrush	native shrub
Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus	Stickyflowered Rabbitbrush	native shrub
Chichorium intybus	Chicory	alien perennial
Cirsium neomexicana	New Mexico Thistle	native perennial
Cirsium vulgare	Bull Thistle	alien perennial, noxious
Erigeron divergens	Fleabane	native annual
Erigeron flagellaris	Meadow Fleabane	native annual
Erigeron peregrinus (E. callianthemus)	Daisy Fleabane	native perennial
Grindelia squarrosa	Gumweed	native annual
Grindelia aphanactis	Rayless Gumweed	native annual
Gutierrezia sarothrae	Snakeweed, Matchweed	native subshrub
Helianthella microcephala	Little Sunflower	native annual
Helianthus annuus	Common Sunflower	native annual
Heterotheca villosa	Golden Aster	native perennial
Hymenopappus filifolius	Hymenopappus	native perennial
Iva axillaris	Povertyweed	native perennial
Lactuca serriola	Prickly Lettuce	alien annual, noxious
Leucelene ericoides	Sand Aster	native perennial
Oligosporus dracunculus	Wild Tarragon	native perennial
Packera multilobata (Senecio multilobata)	Groundsel	native perennial
Picrothamnus desertorum (Artemisia spinescens)	Spiny Sagebrush	native subshrub
Senecio flaccidus (S. douglasii)	Groundsel	native perennial
Seriphidium tridentatum (Artemisia tridentata)	Big Sagebrush	native shrub
Taraxacum officinale	Dandelion	alien perennial
Tetradymia spinosa	Cottonthorn, Horsebrush	native shrub
Tetraneuris acaulis (Hymenoxys acaulis)	Perky Sue	native perennial
Townsendia incana	Easter Daisy	native perennial
Tragopogon dubius	Goatsbeard, Salsify	alien biennial
Tragopogon porrifolius	Purple Goatsbeard	alien biennial
Virgulaster ascendens (Aster ascendens)	Tall Aster	native perennial
Xanthium strumarium	Cocklebur	alien annual, noxious
Berberaceae — Barberry Family		pg. 103
Mahonia repens (Berberis repens)	Oregon-grape, Holly-grape	native subshrub
Boraginaceae — Borage Family		pg. 104
Cryptantha gracilis	Catseye	native annual
Cryptantha pterocarya	Catseye	native annual
Cryptantha recurvata	Catseye	native annual
Lappula redowskii	Stickseed	native annual
Lithospermum incisum	Puccoon	native perennial
Oreocarya fulvocanscens	Yelloweye	native biennial
Brassicaceae/Cruciferae — Mustard Family		pg. 111
Capsella bursa-pastoris	Shepherd’s Purse	alien annual
Cardaria draba	Whitetop, Hoary Cress	alien perennial, noxious
Cardaria latifolia (Lepidium latifolium)	Peppergrass	alien perennial, noxious
Chorispora tenella	Purple Mustard	alien annual
Draba nemorosa	Yellow Whitlow-wort	alien annual
Draba reptans	Whitlow-wort	alien annual
Nasturtium officinale (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum)	Watercress	alien perennial
Physaria acutifolia	Double Bladderpod	native perennial
Sisymbrium altissimum	Tumble or Jim Hill Mustard	native annual
Cactaceae — Cactus Family		pg. 131
Coryphantha vivipara	Nipple Cactus, Pincushion	native perennial
Cylindopuntia whipplei	Rattail Cholla	native perennial
Echinocerus triglochidatus	Hedgehog or Claret Cup	native perennial
Opuntia fragilis	Potato or Mat Cactus	native perennial
Opuntia polycantha	Prickly Pear Cactus	native perennial
Pediocactus simpsonii (Echinocactus simpsonii)	Ball Cactus	native perennial
Sclerocactus whipplei (Echinocactus whipplei)	Fishhook or Bearclaw	native perennial
Calochortaceae — Mariposa Family		pg. 134
Calochortus nuttallii	Sego Lily	native perennial
Caprifoliaceae — Honysuckle Family
Lonicera tatarica	Tatarian Honeysuckle	alien shrub
Caryophyllaceae — Pink Family
Silene antirrhina	Sleepy Catchfly	native annual
Chenopodiaceae — Goosefoot Family		pg. 142
Atriplex canescens	Fourwing Saltbrush	native shrub
Chenopodium berlandieri	Goosefoot	native annual
Chenopodium leptophyllum	Lamb’s Quarter	native annual
Kochia americana	Summer Cypress	native perennial
Monolepis nuttalliana	Poverty Weed	native annual
Salsola australis (S. kali, S. iberica)	Russian Thistle Tumbleweed	alien annual, noxious
Sarcobatus vermiculatus	Greasewood	native shrub
Suaeda nigra	Seepweed	native annual
Convolvulaceae — Morning-glory Family		pg. 150
Convolvulus arvensis	Bindweed	alien perennial, noxious
Cyperaceae — Sedge Family		pg. 153
Carex aquatilis	Sedge	native perennial
Carex filifolia	Threadleaf Sedge	native perennial
Carex lanuginosa	Sedge	native perennial
Carex praegracilis	Slender Sedge	native perennial
Eleocharis palustris	Spikerush	native perennial
Schoenoplectus pungens (Scirpus americanus)	Tule, Bulrush	native perennial
Elaegnaceae — Oleaster Family		pg. 171
Elaegnus angustifolia	Russian Olive	alien tree, noxious
Euphorbiaceae — Spurge Family		pg. 174
Tithymalus esula (Euphorbia esula)	Leafy Spurge	alien perennial, noxious
Fabaceae/Leguminosae — Pea Family		pg. 176
Astragalus fucatus	Annual Milkvetch	native annual
Astragalus lentiginosus	Spreading Milkvetch	native perennial, poisonous
Astragalus lonchocarpus	Milkvetch	native perennial, poisonous
Astragalus monumentalis	Monument Valley Milkvetch	native perennial
Astragalus nuttallianus	Small Flowered Milkvetch	native annual
Astragalus scopulorum	Milkvetch	native perennial
Lupinus ammophilus	Sand Lupine	native perennial
Lupinus barkeri	Sagebrush Lupine	native perennial
Lupinus kingii	King’s Lupine	native annual
Medicago sativa	Alfalfa	alien perennial
Melilotus albus	White Sweetclover	alien annual
Melilotus officinale	Yellow Sweetclover	alien annual
Oxytropis lambertii	Locoweed	native perennial, poisonous
Trifolium japonicus	Japanese Clover	alien perennial, noxious
Trifolium repens	White Dutch Clover	alien perennial
Vicia americana	Vetch	native perennial
Fagaceae — Beech/Oak Family		pg. 194
Quercus gambelii	Scrub Oak	native tree
Fumariaceae — Fumitory Family		pg. 195
Corydalis aurea	Golden Smoke	native perennial
Geraniaceae — Geranium Family		pg. 199
Erodium cicutarium	Crane’s Bill, Filaree, Alfilaria	native annual
Grossulariaceae — Current or Gooseberry Family (Saxifagaceae)		pg. 200
Ribes aureum	Golden Current	native shrub
Ribes leptanthum	Wild Gooseberry	native shrub
Helleboraceae — Hellebore Family (Ranunculaceae)		pg. 201
Delphinum nuttallianum (D. nelsonii)	Larkspur	native perennial, poisonous
Hydrangeaceae — Hydrangea Family (Saxifagaceae)		pg. 204
Fendlera rupicola	Fendler Bush	native shrub
Hydrophyllaceae — Waterleaf Family		pg. 206
Phacelia demissa	Scorpionweed	native annual
Iridaceae — Iris Family		pg. 209
Iris missouriensis	Wild Iris, Blue Flag	native perennial, poisonous
Iris variegata	Domestic Iris	alien perennial, poisonous
Juncaceae — Rush Family		pg. 210
Juncus arcticus (J. balticus)	Wire Grass	native perennial
Lamiaceae/Labiatae — Mint Family		pg. 214
Hedeoma drummondii	Pennyroyal	native perennial
Marrubium vulgare	Horehound	alien perennial, noxious
Mentha arvense	Field Mint, Poleo	native perennial
Linaceae — Flax Family		pg. 221
Adenolinum lewisii (Linum lewisii)	Wild Blue Flax	native perennial
Malvaceae — Mallow Family		pg. 224
Malva neglecta	Mallow, Cheeseweed	alien perennial
Sphaeralcea coccinea	Globemallow, Coppermallow	native perennial
Sphaeralcea parvifolia	Globemallow	native perennial
Melanthiaceae — False Hellebore Family (Liliaceae)		pg. 226
Toxicoscordion paniculatium (Zygadenus paniculatus)	Death Camas	native perennial, poisonous
Nyctaginaceae — Four-o’clock Family		pg. 229
Mirabilis multiflora	Desert Four-o’clock	native perennial
Triptercalyx carneus	Sandpuff, Sand Verbena	native annual
Oleaceae — Olive Family		pg. 232
Fraxinus anomala	Single Leaf Ash	native tree
Onagraceae — Evening-primrose Family		pg. 232
Calylophus lavandulifolius (Oenothera lavandulaefolia)	Lavenderleaf Evening-primrose	native perennial
Chamerion danielsii (Epilobium angustifolium)	Fireweed	native annual
Oenothera caespitosa	Stemless Evening-primrose	native annual
Oenothera elata	Tall Evening-primrose	native biennial
Oenothera flava	Yellow Evening-primrose	native perennial
Plantaginaceae — Plantain Family		pg. 243
Plantago patagonica	Woolly Plantain	native annual
Poaceae/Graminae — Grass Family		pg. 244
Achnatherum hymenoides (Oryzopsis hymenoides)	Indian Ricegrass	native perennial
Agropyron cristatum	Crested Wheatgrass	alien perennial
Anisantha tectorum (Bromus tectorum)	Cheat Grass	alien annual, noxious
Aristida purperea (A. longiseta)	Three-awn	native perennial
Avena fatua	Wild Oats	alien annual
Bouteloua curtipendula	Sideoats Grama	native perennial
Bromopsis inermis (Bromus inermis)	Smooth Brome	alien perennial
Cenchrus longispinus	Sandbur	alien annual, noxious
Chondrosum barbatum	Annual Grama	native annual
Chondrosum gracile (Bouteloua gracilis)	Blue Grama	native perennial
Cylindropyrum cylindricum (Aegilops cylindrica)	Goatgrass	alien annual, noxious
Critesion jubatum (Hordeum jubatum)	Foxtail Barley	native perennial
Dactylis glomerata	Orchard grass	alien perennial
Distichlis stricta (D. spicata)	Saltgrass	native perennial
Elymus canadensis	Canadian Wildrye	native perennial
Elymus elymoides (Sitanion hystrix)	Squirreltail	native perennial
Elymus trachycaulus (Agropyron trachycaulum)	Slender Wheatgrass	native perennial
Eremopyrum triticeum	Annual Wheatgrass	alien annual
Hesperostipa comata (Stipa comata)	Needle and Thread Grass	native perennial
Hilaria jamesii	Galletagrass	native perennial
Panicum capillare	Witchgrass	alien annual
Pascopyrum smithii (Agropyron smithii)	Western Wheatgrass	native perennial
Phragmites australis (P. communis)	Reed Grass, Carrizo	native perennial
Poa bulbosa	Bulbous Bluegrass	alien annual
Poa fendleriana	Muttongrass	native perennial
Poa secunda	Sandberg Bluegrass	native perennial
Polypogon monospeliensis	Rabbitfoot Grass	alien perennial
Schizachyrum scoparium (Andropogon scoparius)	Little Bluestem	native perennial
Sporobolus airoides	Alkali Sacaton	native perennial
Sporobolus cryptandrus	Sand Dropseed	native perennial
Vulpia octoflora (Festuca octoflora)	Sixweeks Fescue	native annual
Polemonaceae — Phlox Family		pg. 277
Ipomopsis aggregata	Scarlet Gilia, Skyrocket	native perennial
Leptodactylon pungens	Prickly Gilia	native perennial
Phlox longifolia	Phlox	native perennial
Polygonaceae — Buckwheat Family		pg. 284
Acetosella vulgaris (Rumex acetosella)	Sheep Sorrel	alien perennial
Eriogonum palmerianum	Annual Buckwheat	native annual
Eriogonum scabrellum	Woolly Buckwheat	native annual
Eriogonum umbellatum	Wild Buckwheat	native perennial
Polygonum arenastrum	Knotweed	alien annual
Pterogonum alatum	Winged Buckwheat	native perennial
Rumex crispus	Curly Dock	alien perennial
Portulacaceae — Purslane Family		pg. 292
Portulaca oleracea	Purslane	alien annual
Ranunculaceae — Buttercup Family		pg. 298
Ceratocephala orthoceras (Ranunculus testiculatus)	Hornhead, Bur Buttercup	alien annual, noxious
Clematis ligusticifolia	Virgin’s Bower	native vine
Rosaceae — Rose Family		pg. 306
Amelanchier utahensis	Serviceberry	native shrub
Cercocarpus montanus	Mountain-mahogany	native shrub
Padus virginiana (Prunus virginiana)	Chokecherry	native shrub
Peraphyllum ramosissimum	Squaw-apple	native shrub
Purshia stansburiana (Cowania mexicana)	Cliff-rose	native shrub
Purshia tridentata	Bitterbrush	native shrub
Rosa woodsii	Rose	native shrub
Sanguisorba minor	Burnet	alien perennial
Rubiaceae — Madder Family		pg. 316
Galium spurium	Cleavers, Bedstraw	alien annual
Salicaceae — Willow Family		pg. 317
Populus angustifolia	Narrowleaf Cottonwood	native tree
Populus deltoides	Alamo, Poplar	native tree
Populus × acuminata	hybrid cross	native tree
Salix exigua	Sandbar Willow	native shrub
Scrophulariaceae — Figwort Family		pg. 326
Castilleja chromosa	Indian Paintbrush	native perennial
Castilleja scabrida	Indian Paintbrush	native perennial
Penstemon comarrhenus	Beard-tongue	native perennial
Penstemon linariodes	Penstemon	native perennial
Verbascum thapsus	Mullein	alien biennial
Veronica americana	Speedwell, Brooklime	native perennial
Solanaceae — Nightshade Family		pg. 339
Lycium pallidum	Wolf berry	native shrub
Nicotiana attenuata	Tobacco	native annual, poisonous
Solanum americanum	Black Nightshade	native annual, poisonous
Solanum rostratum	Buffalo-bur	alien annual, noxious
Tamaricaceae — Tamarisk Family		pg. 342
Tamarix ramosissima (T. chinensis, T. pentandra)	Tamarisk, Salt-cedar	alien tree, noxious
Typhaceae — Cattail Family		pg. 344
Typha latifolia	Broad-leafed Cattail	native perennial
Ulmaceae — Elm Family		pg. 344
Celtis reticulata	Hackberry	native tree
Ulmus pumila	Chinese Elm, Siberian Elm	alien tree
Urticaceae — Nettle Family		pg. 345
Urtica gracilis	Nettle	native perennial, poisonous
Viscaceae — Mistletoe Family		pg. 349
Arceuthobium vaginatum	Dwarf Mistletoe	native perennial, poisonous
Phoradendron juniperinum	Cedar Mistletoe	native perennial, poisonous
Vitaceae — Grape Family		pg. 350
Parthenocissus vitacea	Virginia Creeper	native vine
Gymnospermae — conifers and allies
Cupressaceae — Cypress Family		pg. 30
Sabina osteosperma (Juniperus utahensis)	Utah Juniper	native tree
Ephedraceae — Jointfir Family		pg. 31
Ephedra viridis	Mormon Tea	native shrub
Pinaceae — Pine Family		pg. 31
Pinus edulis	Piñon Pine	native tree
Pteridophyta — ferns and allies
Equisetaceae — Horsetail Family		pg. 23
Equisetum arvense	Horsetail	native perennial
Bryophyta — mosses and allies
Bryaceae — Moss Family
Bryum spp.	Moss
Thallophyta — lichens
Crustose Lichens
Foliose Lichens
Biological soil crusts
Composite of mineral soil, Cyanobacteria, green algae, microfungi, organic detritus, lichens, and mosses held together with microbial mucilage.
Additional Reference Material Cooperative Extension Service   n.d.  Weeds of Southwest Colorado.  Colorado State University, Boulder. Harrington, H. D.   1964  Manual of the Plants of Colorado.  Sage Books, Chicago. Harrington, H. D.   1967  Edible Native Plants of the Rocky Mountains.  University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Moore, Michael   1979  Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West. Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe. Wheeler, Elizabeth M.   1994  Mother Earth’s Mercantile.  Crow Canyon Archeological Center, Cortez.